Biol 218 Lab #3: Heart Anatomy and Function
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  • Computer resources for heart anatomy and function: 
    • Ex. 58. Anatomy of the Heart.
    • Models: Torso hearts plus other heart models. 

      • Complete the Torso heart worksheet.
    • Preserved dissected pig heart
    • Pig hearts to dissect and/or examine

      • Use pig hearts instead of sheep hearts.
    • Video of Heart Dissection (30 min.) [Required] 

      • Video of Open Heart Surgery (55 min.) [Optional]
    • Use two or more of the computer resources to study heart anatomy. 
    • Refer to Digital Images on \\valshare\biology, text (Hole) and Lecture slides (Ch. 15).
    • Complete the Lab Report (Benson pp. 553-554).
    Ex. 59. Cardiovascular Sounds Ex. 60. Heart Rate Control
      • Read. Omit experiment.
    Ex. 61-62. Electrocardiogram Monitoring
      • Read Benson. 
      • Follow BIOPAC procedures. 
      • Biopac Lesson -- Introduction to the electrocardiogram 
        • Biopac  -- ECG and Pulse Measurements  Biopac  -- ECG Revisited: Einthoven's Triangle Measurements. [Optional] 
        Biopac  -- The Rhythm of the Heart. [Optional] 
      • Use BIOPAC tracings to complete the Lab Report (Benson). 
        • Use Biopac to measure: 

          • PR interval (0.12-0.2 sec. Expected) 
          QT interval (less than 0.38 sec. Expected) 
          QRS complex (less than 0.10 sec. Expected)
      • Refer to text (Hole) and Lecture Slides.
      • Study ECG. 
    Ex. 63. Pulse Monitoring
      • Use "Biopac Lesson -- ECG and Pulse Measurements" to record pulse tracings. 
      • Try to record data as called for in "Investigative Procedure" Benson (also refer to Benson for sample pulse tracings). 
      • Examine pulse tracings to see the dicrotic notch (see figure Benson and explanation of the cause Benson).
    Ex. 64. Blood Pressure Monitoring
      • This Exercise is usually completed during Lab #2.  Review and repeat this Exercise as necessary. [Stethoscope method only.] 
      • Complete Parts A and C of the Lab Report (Benson).
    Ex. 65. A Polygraph Study of the Cardiac Cycle
      • This is the most important material to study (see Benson's graph).  Also refer to the text figure and lecture slides (Ch. 15). 
      • Biopac Lesson -- ECG and Pulse Measurements
      • Label the Worksheet handout (page 9 of the Ch14-15 Worksheet deals with ECG). 
      • Complete Part B of the Lab Report (Benson).
    Preparation for Lab Quiz #3 and the Lab Midterm Exam:
    • Be able to identify heart structures and major vessels entering and exiting the heart from diagrams, models, and preserved pig hearts (also cat hearts after we complete Lab # 4). 
    • Be able to trace the path of blood into, through, and out of the right and left sides of the heart. Be able to name heart structures and major vessels when they are described. 
    • When provided with an ECG tracing: Be able to identify the PQRST portions. Be able to calculate BPM (heart rate) whether or not a pulse tracing is provided. 

      • Be able to name the events of the cardiac cycle and relate them to: components of the ECG tracing, pressure changes within the various heart chambers, systole and diastole of the ventricles, the timing of valve openings and closings, etc. [Study the diagram in Hole.]
    Who named it?
    Wilhelm His: 1863-1934.  Swiss cardiologist (son of the renowned anatomist of the same name), who discovered (1893) the specialized muscle fibers (known as the bundle of His) running along the muscular partition between the left and right chambers of the heart. He found that these fibers help communicate a single rhythm of contraction to all parts of the heart. While a professor of medicine at the University of Berlin (1907-26), His was one of the first to recognize that the heartbeat has its origin in the individual cells of heart muscle.
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