CANDIDATES FOR
PARASITIC INFECTIONS
I. IMMIGRANTS
MALARIA, AMOEBIASIS,
SCHISTOSOMIASIS, CLONORCHIASIS
|
The New Colossus Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, |
Artist’s rendition of Irish immigrants arriving in America
, from http://itdp.providence.edu/blogs/spring10/immigration03/adugan1/?m=201004
:
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II. TOURISTS & SERVICEMEN (NOT NECESSARILY
OVERSEAS). Diseases can have
“mission-aborting potential”.
SAME AS ABOVE PLUS GIARDIASIS
From the
website: http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/nmrc/pages/namru_2_vdr.htm
, for the Naval Medical Research Center
NAMRU-2 Viral Diseases
Research
Investigators conduct
biomedical and epidemiological research on viral diseases of military
importance and conduct and evaluate field-applicable diagnostic assays for
viral agents, which are the etiological agents for those specific diseases.
Targeted viral agents that have mission-aborting potential include arboviruses
such as dengue, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever
viruses such as hantaviruses. Scientists also conduct HIV research to assist in
the DoD effort to develop an effective HIV vaccine.
III. CHILDREN
Enterobius (PINWORM), HYDATID CYST (Echinococcus), ASCARIASIS, TRICHURIASIS,
HOOKWORMS, LICE, TOXOPLASMOSIS, DERMAL LARVA MIGRANS, VISCERAL LARVA MIGRANS, Naegleria/Acanthomoeba
Infant
with dermal larva migrans:
IV. IMMUNOSUPPRESSED
Pneumocystis,
Toxoplasma, Strongyloides, Cryptosporidium
AIDS
patient, before and after diagnosis and progression of the disease:
V. RURAL AND INDIGENT
Trichinella, Strongyloides, Giardia, Entamoeba, HOOKWORMS, ASCARIASIS
Outhouse in Natal,
a rural area in South Africa
The text is from: http://www.childrensradiofoundation.org/blog/?cat=82&paged=2
Safe or unsafe?
Next up we take a trip to Ingwavuma, Kwa-Zulu Natal, a rural area in the north-eastern corner of South Africa, near the borders with Mozambique and Swaziland. We asked some children in the Abaqophi basOkhayeni Abaqinile, a youth radio project, about what makes them feel safe or unsafe.
VI. PEOPLE WHOSE DIETS INCLUDE RAW MEATS
Trichinella (pork), Diphyllobothrium (freshwater fish), Anisakis (marine fish), Taenia
(pork), Taeniarhynchus (beef)
Recipe
for Steak tartare, from http://allrecipes.com//Recipe/original-steak-tartare/Detail.aspx
"The
legend goes that Tartare tribes when fighting in the past didn't even have
time to stop and cook their food. They are said to have kept the meat
underneath their saddles and mince it in this way. Today this dish is a
gourmet classic. This dish is eaten like a pate, spread on a piece of warm
toast with fresh tomato and onion rings on top. It is very important though
to make sure that both the meat and the egg are very fresh because they are
eaten raw." Ingredients:
Directions:
|
From:
http://www.Dribbleglass.com/subpages/billboards57b.htm
VIII. PROMISCUOUS (though not necessarily)
Trichomonas vaginalis
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Oct;21(5):371-8.
Trichomoniasis
in teens: an update.
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department
of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,
USA. jill.huppert@cchmc.org
Abstract
PURPOSE
OF REVIEW: Trichomoniasis,
caused by the protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the oldest sexually
transmitted infections. Since the advent of more accurate diagnostic tests, the
epidemiology and consequences of infection with T. vaginalis can be described
more precisely. This review will highlight new diagnostic methods, the
epidemiology of trichomoniasis, and discuss the merits of improved screening
for this pathogen in adolescent women.
RECENT
FINDINGS: Interest
in trichomoniasis has renewed due to evidence that trichomoniasis is more
common than gonorrhea in adolescent women, is often asymptomatic, may persist
for several months, and may be confused with bacterial vaginosis. In addition,
trichomoniasis is linked to pelvic inflammatory disease and can increase one's
susceptibility to viruses such as herpes, human papillomavirus, andHIV.
SUMMARY:
Clinicians
who use better diagnostic methods and offer more widespread testing will
identify more infections and reduce the epidemic of this easily treated
infection. Early diagnosis provides the opportunity to reduce transmission and
potentially prevent future complications.
J Sch Health. 2008
Jun;78(6):310-3.
Adolescents' sexually
transmitted disease protective attitudes predict sexually transmitted disease
acquisition in early adulthood.
College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, 121
Washington Ave, Lexington, KY 40506-0003, USA. crosby@uky.edu
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Estimates suggest that
about 48% of nearly 19 million cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) occurring
annually in the United States are acquired by persons aged 15-24 years. The
purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that adolescents' attitudes
about protecting themselves from STDs predict their laboratory-confirmed
prevalence of STDs in early adulthood.
METHODS: Wave 3 of the National
Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health assessed Chlamydia trachomatis,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. This wave 3 data were
regressed on data collected in wave 1 (when those followed were teens). A
single-item measure (with a 5-point response option) assessed adolescents'
attitude: "It would be a big hassle to do the things necessary to
completely protect yourself from getting an STD."
RESULTS: Valid urine specimens
were provided by 8297 adolescents who also completed the self-reported measures
needed for this study. Overall, 6.4% of the weighted sample tested positive for
at least 1 of the 3 STDs. Controlling for age, gender, minority status, and age
of sexual debut (all of which are well-established predictors of STD
prevalence), attitude toward STD protection achieved significance (P<.001).
Each additional point on the 5-point scale increased adolescents' odds of
testing positive for an STD in early adulthood by about 13%. Of interest, the
attitudinal measure did not interact with any of the other variables.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide
evidence suggesting that safer sex programs may benefit adolescents by
fostering positive attitudes toward practices that avert STD acquisition.
And
while we’re on the subject of, um, being sexually active:
